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Are magic mushrooms legal in Czechia?

Medical only

Only through medical channels. Psilocybin is available in Czechia under a clinician or authorisation scheme, not for general or recreational use.

Since 1 January 2026, Czech psychiatrists and medical psychotherapists can prescribe and administer psilocybin in approved psychiatric facilities to adults with treatment-resistant depression and related conditions, under Government Regulation 552/2025. Outside medicine, possessing or growing a small amount is an administrative offence, while larger amounts are crimes (up to 2 years for possession, 1 year for growing). Regulation 455/2009 sets the cultivation threshold at more than 40 fruiting bodies.

Last verified against primary sources:

What is and is not allowed

Possession
Possession of a small amount for personal use is an administrative offence; possession of more than a small amount is a crime under Criminal Code §284 (up to 2 years).
Cultivation
Growing, harvesting, collecting or processing psilocybin mushrooms for own use in a small amount is an administrative offence; above a small amount it is a crime under §285(3), and Regulation 455/2009 sets 'more than small' for these mushrooms at more than 40 fruiting bodies.
Sale and supply
Only medical psilocybin is lawful, prescribed by psychiatrists or medical psychotherapists and administered in psychiatric facilities under the Ministry of Health or holding a permit; any other supply remains illegal.
Penalties
§284(1): possession of more than a small amount for own use, up to 2 years; larger extent 6 months to 5 years; considerable extent 2 to 8 years. §285(3): growing or collecting psilocybin mushrooms for own use above a small amount, up to 1 year; larger extent up to 3 years; considerable extent 6 months to 5 years.
Recent changes
From 1 January 2026, medical psilocybin is allowed for adults 18+ with cancer-related depression, severe non-psychotic depression, or a life-threatening deterioration of another serious disorder, after other treatments fail. Doses are oral only, max 35 mg per dose (0.4 mg/kg), 75 mg per month, up to 3 doses a month, with 4 to 6 hours of supervision.

Governing law

Act 167/1998 on Addictive Substances §33l and Criminal Code §§284-285 as amended by Act 270/2025 (in force 1 January 2026); Government Regulation 552/2025 (medical psilocybin)

Check before you act. This page is a reference, not legal advice. Drug law changes, and local rules can differ from national ones. Access through a clinician or an authorisation scheme. Not general legalisation. Read the primary source below before relying on it.

Common questions

Are magic mushrooms legal in Czechia?

Only as medicine. Since 1 January 2026 psychiatrists can administer psilocybin in approved facilities. Otherwise, possessing a small amount is an administrative offence and larger amounts are crimes.

Can I grow psilocybin mushrooms in Czechia?

Growing a small amount for yourself is an administrative offence. Above the threshold (more than 40 fruiting bodies under Regulation 455/2009) it is a crime punishable by up to 1 year.

Who can get medical psilocybin?

Adults 18+ with cancer-related depression, severe depression without psychosis, or a life-threatening worsening of another serious disorder, after registered treatments have failed or were not tolerated.

Sources

  1. [1]Act No. 270/2025 Sb. (e-Sbírka)
  2. [2]Act No. 270/2025 Sb., official Sbírka issue (copy hosted by epravo.cz)
  3. [3]Government Regulation No. 552/2025 Sb. on medical psilocybin, official Sbírka issue (copy hosted by epravo.cz)
  4. [4]Government Regulation 455/2009 Sb., consolidated (Government Office disclosure, ASPI status 4 April 2025)
  5. [5]Czech Police, Návykové látky a zákon (notes that 467/2009 quantity values were annulled by Constitutional Court finding 259/2013)

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